General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China: “Man and nature are the communities of life. Mankind must respect nature, conform to nature, and protect nature. Only by obeying the laws of nature can human beings effectively prevent detours in the development and utilization of nature. The harm to nature will eventually hurt the human being. This is an irresistible law.” The nature mentioned here mainly refers to the common home of our human beings and all other things – the earth. It can be said that protecting the earth is to protect the human being itself, and vigorously promoting the construction of ecological civilization is a scientific measure and an inevitable choice for protecting the earth. It has a special responsibility as a government department in charge of natural resources.

First of all, it is necessary to clarify which outstanding problems are currently being addressed in the construction of ecological civilization in China. The 19th National Congress emphasizes the pollution of the atmosphere, water, and soil. Air pollution is manifested in the sky, and the roots are on the ground; water pollution directly affects people’s daily life and directly affects the health of the people; soil pollution is different from atmospheric and water pollution, and it will become more and more serious due to the gradual enrichment of pollutants. Strengthen monitoring and monitoring, and do a good job in risk management and control. Soil pollution status surveys should be carried out with a focus on agricultural land and land use in key industries. Generally speaking, it is necessary to fight the blue sky to defend the war, speed up the prevention and control of water pollution, and strengthen the control and restoration of soil pollution. Adhere to the rule of the whole people and prevent and control the source.

Second, we must deeply understand the root causes of the problems. We have basically established a socialist market economic system, but we have not yet established a socialist market economic system that reflects the concepts and principles of ecological civilization. Some local governments have adopted measures such as land concessions, tax incentives, first-rate repatriation, financial subsidies, electricity price concessions, and lowering environmental standards to attract investment and increase overcapacity. Overcapacity and over-exploitation are the biggest waste of resources and environmental damage. At the same time, due to the fact that land and mining rights can sell money, the needs of local governments at all levels for the occupation of land and the demand for mining rights continue to expand. However, due to the low price of industrial land, water resources and mineral resources, the cost of occupying lakes, rivers, wetlands and forest land is too low or basically no cost, and its economic benefits cannot compensate for the loss of ecological value. In the face of these problems, although we have established a number of systems for ecological environmental protection, they are not systematic and incomplete. From the source, there is no system for effective prevention; in the process, no strict supervision system has been established; in terms of consequences, no strict accountability and compensation system has been established. We must engage in pre-, post-, and post-reflection.

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